Cash value added (CVA) is a measure of business
profitability
In economics, profit is the difference between the revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and the total cost of its inputs. It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs.
It i ...
defined as
the
EBITDA
A company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (commonly abbreviated EBITDA, pronounced , , or ) is a measure of a company's profitability of the operating business only, thus before any effects of indebtedness, stat ...
generated by the business, less tax, less its required return.
The
required return is an
annuity
In investment, an annuity is a series of payments made at equal intervals.Kellison, Stephen G. (1970). ''The Theory of Interest''. Homewood, Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc. p. 45 Examples of annuities are regular deposits to a savings account, mo ...
based on the purchase price of the assets in use in the business, inflated to today's value of money, the
weighted average cost of capital
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders to finance its assets. The WACC is commonly referred to as the firm's cost of capital. Importantly, it is dictated by ...
(WACC) and the economic life of the assets.
CVA can also be expressed as an index, where the CVA is divided by the required return. An index of more than 1.0 will indicate profitability while an index below 1.0 will indicate value destruction.
See also
*
Economic value added (EVA)
*
Return on capital employed
Return on capital employed is an accounting ratio used in finance, valuation, and accounting. It is a useful measure for comparing the relative profitability of companies after taking into account the amount of capital used.Fernandes, Nuno. Finance ...
(ROCE)
*
Return on equity
The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to the equity. Because shareholder's equity can be calculated by taking all assets and subtracting all liabilities, ROE can also be thought of as a return on '' ...
(ROE)
References
Valuation (finance)
Profit
{{Finance-stub